The Unexposed Secret of How to Write a Good Concluding Sentence

The Unexposed Secret of How to Write a Good Concluding Sentence The How to Write a Good Concluding Sentence Pitfall Ending an essay with similar scenario might help to show your point and make a better understanding. All paragraphs have the exact basic structure as an excellent argument. When writing conclusion paragraphs, it's important to not forget a few crucial things. The conclusion paragraph summarizes the essay and supplies a last perspective on the principal topic. Because unless you've got a comprehensive comprehension of what you would like to say, you won't be in a position to determine how you may want to say it. The purpose is to differentiate you from the competition and demonstrate that you're the very best candidate for the position. A specialist business customwriting will comprehend the importance of ensuring you require it which you have your own personal statement when. It is very important to consider different positions because in most instances, your principal audience will be fence-sitters. You also summarize once again your most important points of your entire essay. If it is a particular topic or instructs you to choose a topic about a particular subject or time period, you're in luck. Other times, you'll have more freedom as to what sort of commentary you have in your essay. First you must make a decision as to what you're likely to write about, make certain you understand enough about this issue you chose. The Key to Successful How to Write a Good Concluding Sentence The ones listed above are only some of the most frequently utilized. The capacity to write a great sentence is necessary to your capacity to write well. Also, you'll need a transition word to earn readers understand you're going to conclude. These paragraph examples will demonstrate how to compose fantastic ones. How to Choose How to Write a Good Concluding Sentence Writing a fantastic conclusion is often as straightforward as using a quip! Techn ology is a quick means to communicate which is why everyone sees WWW. Otherwise, then you have to knock out the perils of becoming bad grades in exams by properly writing the conclusion of your insurance policy essay. 1 basic means to elevate the grade of your next essay is to quit summarizing and get started commentating. You must have a framework for the paper you're writing in order to be sure of a smooth flow of all of the information before actually writing. Thus, so as to convey over a thought or idea, the students will need to compose a paper, which a huge mixture of the paragraphs. A concluding sentence plays a vital part in every paragraph. So yes, it truly is very important that you know how to compose a good concluding sentence. A concluding sentence ought to be an overview of the former discussion, not incorporate any new info. A concluding sentence is utilized to signal your paragraph is coming to a finish. A paragraph is just one of the vital building blocks for writing. When a cover letter may not be submitted, the objective st atement might be the work seeker's only opportunity to introduce himself. Decide what you would like to say, how you wish to say this, and in what order. If you're employing a quote, make certain it's a good one. Academic writing is broken into paragraphs. Proofreading is actually the most essential portion of writing the essay and is frequently skipped. Writing well isn't essentially a divine present. Sentences want to paragraph connected with one another. Writing a concluding sentence may not arrive as easily because you may think. All sentences utilized in a paragraph should convey a comprehensive message. Restate the topic sentence in various words. Essentially, it conveys the most important thought of a paragraph. Actually, paragraphs shouldn't be the exact length. A paragraph ought to be long enough to do justice to the primary idea of the paragraph. Each paragraph is going to have a different idea. Use a spell-checker or ask a person to read your work if you're unsure write anything. Clearly, understanding how to compose a topic sentence is critical if you wish to find great marks for English. The response is made more difficult since there are numerous answers. Today it's from a zombie, but on a usual day, a normal thief might have smashed it. You have to be very conscious of how your paragraphs work with each other to communicate your information and make it simple for your audience to comprehend. Without having mastered the capability to compose a fantastic paragraph, it is possible to never master the art of writing. If you're responding to an advertisement you've seen, utilize the terminology in the ad, otherwise, do just a little digging. Alternately, should you wish to include something prophetic, such as, for instance, a poem or quotation which makes your point, an online search will bring you a wide selection to select from.

Gettysburg Address Versus Declaration of Independence Essay

Lincoln’s Address Versus Jefferson’s Declaration Two of the most important, and, perhaps the two most important documents in American history are the Declaration of Independence and the Gettysburg Address. The Declaration of Independence, the document of secession written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776, called for the complete independence of the states from the British Empire. The Gettysburg Address was a document on the theory of union that stressed the need for one united country and expressed the importance of doing whatever necessary to complete the task of keeping the states united as one. It was written and delivered by Abraham Lincoln in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania at a cemetery dedication for soldiers who had died in the famous Civil†¦show more content†¦The major premise of Jefferson’s argument is his theory of â€Å"natural law,† where he argues, â€Å"all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit o f happiness.† He goes on to state that it is the government’s job to protect these rights of the people and if it fails to do so, â€Å"it is [the people’s] duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security.† Having this major, broader premise in his argument is what leads him into his minor premise, which is his attack on King George III. Jefferson accuses the King of preventing the people from exercising the rights that Jefferson previously mentions. He then provides specific examples of how George III and his government did so. With this argument, composed of his major and minor premises, Jefferson goes into his conclusion, the call for secession of the colonies from the British Empire. The organization of the Declaration of Independence helps Jefferson’s argument a great deal. The syllogism provides areas for multiple arguments that can be backed by strong evidence. With it, Jefferson is able to argue his po ints in a clear and easy way with little room for a rebuttal from an opposing argument. Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, on the other hand, is organized quite differently from Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence.Show MoreRelatedEssay America After Abraham Lincoln2259 Words   |  10 Pagesits moral opposition can be seen? In short, no. Lincoln is not a simple personality. By examining official speeches from throughout his time served as President, the official progression from 1861 to 1865 is visible. Lincoln’s 1861 Inaugural Address would, if given in 1865, be almost unrecognizable. Lincoln had greatly changed his rhetoric and war language. Was this change mainly due to a maturation of thought, or instead was this part of a calculated plan developed in order to defeat the rebelliousRead MoreThe Making of a Confederate1734 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ The romanticized version of the Civil War creates a picture of the North versus the South with the North imposing on the South. However, after reading â€Å"The Making of a Confederate† by William L. Barney, one can see that subdivisions existed before the war was declared. The documents analyzed by Barney primarily focus on the experiences of Walter Lenoir, a southern confederate and a member of the planter elite. 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Abraham Lincoln the president of the United States to spoke to a crowd of over 15,000 people about a nation being conceived in liberty, and having the dedication to theRead MoreThe Civil War Of America1816 Words   |  8 Pagesbe proven by primary source documents written by government officials, freed slaves, and white landowners from the 19th century. For hundreds of years, America has been split in half by conflicting views of the north and the south. The Declaration of Independence written in 1776 by America’s founding fathers argues that â€Å"all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness† (Doc 8). BasedRead MoreWhy Did Judge Hall Choose John Jameson for Celia’s Defense? 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Manage Human Resource Service

Question: Case Study Best Pearls Pty Ltd: Leading Providers of best quality pearls and designer pearl jewellery. Location: South Australia Adelaide NSW Sydney Market Position: The focus is on high quality designer jewellery made from fresh water pearls. They compete in a higher-quality, higher-price market. BEST Pearls has been steadily growing for the last 12 months, and a decision has been made to begin hiring additional staff to fill four (4) newly created entry level positions in the organisation paying $35K Packages to each. There is a need for an Executive Assistant to the CEO ($70K Package) and a Business Development Manager in Sales ($55K Package + Bonuses and incentives). 95% of the staff at BEST Pearls are women and the other 5% are the Managing CEO and Manufacturing Manager. BEST Pearls have four (2) key staff who are pregnant at the moment and are concerned about what will happen when they take maternity leave. Historically, in the last 15 years of business, BEST Pearls has maintained a fairly consistent number of employees with a low turnover rate and filled vacancies via internal recruiting, and active sourcing of known external candidates (some head-hunting). BEST Pearls also have a clearly defined and ongoing focus on the internal training of staff but at the moment staff are too busy to take time out for training. Internal training has previously allowed for new recruits to either begin their new role with an existing level of corporate knowledge, allowing a fast transition, or they are given high levels of attention when they first arrive. BEST Pearls has identified and linked the performance factors of employees with strategic initiatives and projects designed to develop and enhance activities. Annually, the management team collaboratively create short-term operational goals designed to meet the strategic plan. Once this is accomplished every unit in BEST Pearls works together to achieve the success of the organisation. Every employee needs to be more aware of what BEST Pearls strategy is, their role and the importance of their job in achieving the strategic plan. Existing staff have been interviewed in the past month and none of them were able to express the Mission Statement, Vision Statement or general values of BEST Pearls. Management set the staff monthly targets of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) which are centrally focused around achieving strategic plans, however, the staff are unaware of the link between their KPIs and the organisational strategy. For your general information, it is important that you understand BEST Pearls has recently cut off a business relationship with one of their main suppliers because the quality of product was not market-competitive and BEST Pearls is not willing to compromise on the quality of their product. Additional Information: Organisational Vision Be the world's top designers of Pearl Jewellery for individuals; supported through customer service, the quality of our designs, and our relationships. We aim to add to life's creativity. Mission Statement To give unlimited opportunity to explore creativity through designer pearl jewellery Strategy and Business Goals To become Australias first choice provider of designer Pearl jewellery [To expand business across Australia and overseas] We now understand from the background of BEST Pearls Pty Ltd, that there are many strategic business movements taking place within the organisation. They are aiming to expand their operations of Manufacturing in NSW but also their presence in the rest of Australia and are opening new corporate offices in NSW Sydney. This situation calls for a concrete plan for the strategic management of resources. Thus a fully developed recruitment, selection and induction process has to be put in place. This is to ensure BEST Pearls keeps its high standards of quality in its product and designs of jewellery. Its vital to have the best talent from the industry join their team. They are trying to achieve best practices across Human Resources, office management and manufacturing plants. Task 1 Assume that you were recently hired as the BEST Pearls Human Resources Manager (HRM). Write a report for BEST Pearls, including a detailed analysis of your businesses Human Resources (HR) needs. (This analysis report will also be used for Assessment 2). Within this analysis report, ensure that you include: a. A review of the external business environment and likely impact(s) it will have on BEST Pearls human resources requirements; b. At least five (5) key roles and responsibilities of the four (04) additional staff that will be hired at BEST Pearls;c. Identification and justification of training support required within the BEST Pearls team after the new employees are employed by the company.d. Analysis of the strategic and operational intent of BEST Pearls and a summary of at least four (4) human resources requirements that you as a HR manager should focus on initially, including diversity in the workforce.e. What may be five (5) essential Policy and Procedures (PP) that BEST Pearls already have in place.f. Identify three areas of (3) legislation that BEST Pearls HR Team are compliant with and one (1) that they need to improve upon with reasoning.g. Finally, the creation of an initial 12-month HR Action Plan for how you would like to see BEST Pearls HR development take place. Task 2 Refer to the sample in the information section of your online materials1. Human Resource professionals are expected to supervise business ethics in human resources practices across the entire company. Establish a set of at least 15 requirements for a Code of Conduct and include the ethical behaviour and confidentiality expected of staff within BEST Pearl Pty Ltd.2. In addition, include any actions that would be taken by the Human Resources department in case of unethical behaviours within the organisation by an employee. Answers: Executive Summary This report deals with the policies and rules of BEST Pearls and its HR procedures. Focus is given on the skills of the HR department in maintaining the codes of conduct of the employees. The codes of conduct along with 12 month action plans are also discussed for the HR department to develop more effectively. Introduction The HR department is responsible for selection, recruitment and induction process of the new employees (Flamholtz and Randle, 2011). They are also focused on analyzing the strategic and operational activities of the organization along with maintenance of policy and procedures. Task 1 a) Impact of external business environment on BEST Pearls human resources requirements The impact of economic conditions, Government regulations and workforce demographics impacts on the HR requirements of BEST Pearls. This is because; the economic condition of the company helps in determining the hiring of new customers in BEST Pearls. The Government regulations also affect the HR requirements of BEST Pearls that includes laws on hiring, training, termination and compensation (Muller, 2009). Moreover, women employees are more, so due to their maternity leave, new employees need to be hired that affects the HR requirements of BEST Pearls. b) 5 key roles of four additional staff members hired by BEST Pearls The 2 key staff members of BEST Pearls will be taking maternity leaves. The 5 key roles of the newly employed staff members will be an executive assistant to the CEO who will be assisting the CEO in taking important decisions. The business development manager will be concerned about the sales and revenues of the company (Knight, 2013). The assistant manufacturing manager will help in manufacturing the pearls for providing high quality designer jewellery. The logistics management officer will be concerned about the supply of the jewellery in appropriate places and the architect will be responsible for designing the modern jewellery (Pekruhl et al. 2014). c) Identification and justification of training support required within BEST Pearls after the new employment BEST Pearls never compromises with the quality of its pearls and tries to provide the best quality pearls to its customers. The training is essential for the new employees for making them accustomed with the working culture, quality maintenance and maintenance of ethics within the organization (Oude Mulders et al. 2013). Moreover, to enhance the skills and brush up the knowledge of the employees, training is essential. d) 4 human resource requirements of the HR manager to focus On the basis of analysis of strategic and operational intent, the HR manger needs to focus on the motivation level of the employees in giving best quality designer products and occasional training need to be the employees for upgrading their skills (Mudor and Tooksoon, 2011). Moreover, the compensation and appraisals need to be focused to keep up the spirits of the employees working in BEST Pearls. Since, 95% of the employees are females so, maternity leaves and payment on their leaves need to be given. e) 5 essential Policy and Procedures that BEST Pearls already have BEST pearls are consistent in providing best quality products and never compromises with the quality of the products. BEST Pearls maintain consistency in decision making and other operational procedures. Moreover BESR Pearls also clarifies the responsibilities and functions of all the staff members clearly so no problem arises in the workforce distribution (Brenton and Driskill, 2010). The company also complies with the associate legislation and other laws of employment. In addition to this, the company also sets monthly targets to the employees and has Key Performance Indicators. So employees performing well are given good reward and appraisals for their work. f) 3 areas of legislation that HR team of BEST Pearls is compliant with and 1 that needs to be improved The HR department is compliant with- Effort is given for protecting the customers against fraud and misinterpretation. The employment laws and protecting the interest of the employees as well as giving them equal rights (Glarino, 2013). The suppliers need to provide genuine products as the company never compromises with the quality. Area of improvement- The company should work more on the confidentiality of important data and information of the organization. g) Creation of 12 month Action Plan for seeing the development of HR in BEST Pearls Month Action January- February Defining the actions and projects to the staff March- April Training given to the new and old staff members May- July Constant in vigilance of the performance of the work and codes of conduct August- September Analysis of the performance October-December Feedback to the employees and necessary arrangement of training to the employees. Task 2 1) 15 requirements for the Code of Conduct that includes ethical behavior and confidentiality of staff members 1. The staff members need to behave ethically and provide good quality products to the customers. 2. The prices of the products need to be reasonable and well balanced according to current market trends. 3. The staff members should have respect for others. 4. The staff members need to be abided by the rules of the company and has to honest towards the work (McGuire, 2013). 5. The family policies such as maternity leaves, parental, dependence leave also need to be followed. 6. The employees need to maintain the rules of absentees. 7. The annual leaves that include the public holidays and carry forward holidays need to be maintained. 8. The staff members need to be maintaining the confidentiality of data and other important information within as well as outside the organization (Nolan, 2008). 9. The staff members need to abstain from adoption of any unethical practices such as theft, providing faulty products to the consumers and making false statements and promises. 10. The employees have to abstain themselves from making any kind of misleading and false statements. 11. The employees need to provide correct guarantees, warranties and other information to the customers regarding the jewellery and pearls. 12. The employees also need to handle the complaints of the customers efficiently and effectively (Patil and Kant, 2012). 13. The employees also provide correct information about themselves regarding their personal bio-data. 14. The dignity at workplace should be maintained and the female employees need to be respected without harassments. 15. No acceptance of gifts and other bribery from the customers or suppliers can be taken by the employees. 2) Actions taken by the HR department against unethical practices For the unethical behavior of any employees and the magnitude of unethical behavior, the HR department will be taking severe steps against it. Initially, warning will be given to the employees regarding the misconduct which will be followed by termination of the employees (Fellenz and Martin, 2010). Moreover, if the employee has done something that is severely unethical, then legal steps can also be taken against the employee. Conclusion This can be concluded that BEST Pearls maintain a good code of conduct and The HR department is also efficient enough to carry out their activities. Reference List Books Fellenz, M. and Martin, J. (2010) Organizational Behaviour Management, 3rd ed. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf Flamholtz, E. and Randle, Y. (2011) Corporate Culture: The Ultimate Strategic Asset, 3rd ed. New York: Harper Collins Brenton, A. L. and Driskill, G. W. (2010) Organizational Culture in Action: A Cultural Analysis Workbook, 4th ed. London: McGra-Hill Higher Education Pekruhl, U., Spaar, R. and ZoÃÅ'ˆlch, M. (2014)Jahrbuch Human Resource Management, ZuÃÅ'ˆrich: WEKA ZuÃÅ'ˆrich Muller, M. (2009)The manager's guide to HR, New York: AMACOM Journals Glarino, G. G. (2013) Strategic Human Resource Management: Influences on Perceived Organizational Support and Job Attitudes, International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(12), pp. 6-15 Mudor, H., and Tooksoon, P. (2011) Conceptual framework on the relationship between human resource management practices, job satisfaction, and turnover, Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 2(2), pp. 41-49 Knight, E. M. J. (2013) Strategic Human Resources Management practice: are we there yet? A study of the Incorporation of a Strategic Plan, International Journal of Arts and Commerce, 2(2), pp. 194-208 McGuire, F. (2013) Exploring line manager relationships with trade unions and the HR function,Strategic HR Review, 12(6), pp. 45-97 Nolan, S. (2008) Realizing efficiencies through HR policies and practices,Strategic HR Review, 7(2), pp. 34-76 Oude Mulders, J., Henkens, K. and Schippers, J. (2013) Organizations' Ways of Employing Early Retirees: The Role of Age-Based HR Policies,The Gerontologist, 5(7), pp.76-98 Patil, S. and Kant, R. (2012) Organizational culture a HR strategy for successful knowledge management,Strategic HR Review, 11(6), pp.322-328

Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors Essay Example

Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors Paper Alice Walker uses Virginia Woolfs phrase contrary instincts to describe the creative spirit that her female ancestors valued while working and living in oppressive conditions. Throughout Walkers essay she made many connections between these contrary instincts and how she perceived the constraints on the knowledge of women in her childhood era. Although, the knowledge Walker talks about in her essays is not the kind that most people think of when they hear the word. It is the knowledge and creative spirit of ourselves that she talks about; the primary source of what we need to get us through life. She made the relation of how women used art to express their creative spirit; their knowledge. Walker depicted how her ancestors expressed their knowledge through their creative spirits, whether it be through sewing a quilt or creating a garden. She tries to get us to realize that all we have to do is to find our hidden creative spirit and that will be where we will find our knowledge. Walker speaks about how creative spirit can be passed down from generation to generation. At the age of 17 Walkers mother ran away from home to be married. While taking care of six children, Alices mother also had to battle with a white landlord over her childrens education, make clothes for all of her children, make sheets and towels, can vegetables and fruits, and still find some time in the day to make quilts. Alices mother barely had time to deal with obstacles pertaining to her own creative spirit. Alice looked up to her mother because of all the suffering she endured while finding time for herself to be creative with her flower garden. We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer According to Alices views on the heredity of someones creative spirit, she believes that her creativity came from her mother. Walker states that We have constantly looked high, when we should have looked high- and low (744). She is referring to the fact that maybe the things that hold people back are the things that make our creative spirit. Sometimes people search for their creative spirit in some of the most interesting of places, when it is usually right there in front of them. Alice continues to speak of a quilt that is hanging in the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D. C. The quilt was made by an unknown black woman in Alabama from bits and pieces of insignificant rags. Even though it is only bits and pieces of someones creative spirit, it still shows right through the meaningless pieces of cloth. Looking back at the lives of my mother and grandmother I can only see these two women completely lost in a sea of children and chores. When could they find the time to let their creative spirits loose? Then I read Walkers piece and my eyes opened. Id forgotten about the gardens. As in In search of my mothers gardens both my mother and grandmother have gardens. They planted flowers, ferns, and vines. They gave each other clippings from their most mature plants so that the plant could grow in the others garden. The two of them would tour each others garden to talk about what was growing well that season or which plant was on its last leg. Gardening was the common thread that bonded them as mother and daughter, and as women. They intertwined their creative spirits with nature to create gardens-to create themselves. Alice Walker challenges us, as art does, to make sure that we do not overlook what might be true to our existence; of who we really are. She is trying to get us to look deeper than we thought we ever could, to find our creative spirit, our knowledge and heritage and to give it new life. a woman who still struggles to sing the song that was your gift,.. It is not so much that you sang, as that you kept alive, in so many of our ancestors, the notion of song. (743) We cannot let our voices be muffled by your own lack of awareness. Walker is showing us that it is our responsibility to represent our mothers and grandmothers voices, to keep their creative spirit burning through the night; and when we die it will not be a flame being put out, but a candle being extinguished so that the morning sun can shine. Judging an artist based on skin color or gender will get us nowhere. A piece of art can challenge your opinions, inspire your creative spirit, and take you on a journey to find your hidden knowledge. Art asks the viewer to go deeper to find the true core of their creative spirit. We must know a piece of arts history to do it justice. If we do not know its background behind a piece of art, we are only confusing ourselves even more, thereby depriving ourselves of history, which certainly belongs to us. It is in these artistic expressions that Walker tries to get us to find our creative spirit. For her mother it was her garden, as it is for my mother. Walker tries to get us to understand that our creative spirit is the knowledge of ourselves, and that our spirit is all we need to get us through life. Through art and other forms of creative spirit, we find knowledge; of what came before us and of the things that are passed on from our relatives. Our creative spirit and knowledge is who we are and what we do. There is always room for us to grow through out our life time, to expand on the knowledge that we will pass down to our kids. In a sense it is as though our creative spirit is our trademark. When Walker chose the title for her piece, In Search of Our Mothers Gardens, she made it very appropriate and fitting to the inflection towards knowledge and self discovery. When examining the essay from a literal level, you see that Alice was looking at her mothers garden as an example of Woolfs contrary instincts, and the creative spirit that she was so curious about. Whereas examining her work from a symbolic level, the title is plural, showing that there are other people that may be in search of the creative spirit that is passed down from generation to generation; although it may not necessarily be in the form of a physical garden. Whereas instead people are still looking for their symbolic garden which Walker tries to get us to see. Through out her essay Walker shows us that it is not the diploma in our hand, but the spirit in our heart that will guide us to happiness in our life.

Discuss the circumstances under which Satyams fra Essays

Discuss the circumstances under which Satyam's fra Essays Discuss the circumstances under which Satyam's fraud was exposed. 1, the failure of the acquisition of Maytas Infra and Maytas Properties which are promoted by two sons of satyam's chairman, Ramalinga Raju.These two companies are considered as business companies where they held more than 35%portion stake (significant realted party transcation involved in the acquisition) 2,the investors strongly against this acquisition , share price fell off by 30% Media and investors started raising doubts over the corporate governance practices at Satyam - considering a share buyback 3,World Bank suspended Satyam for eight years from doing any business with itself (offering brides to obtain lucrative contracts) 4,an independent director resigned (not opposing to the acquisition) 5, Infrastucture Leasing and Financial Services Trust sold 4.41 million shares which results in the decrease in the raju and his family stake in Satyam 6, market capitalization eroded by 40 % 7,former senior executive in Satyam sent out an anonymous email to board members and then forward ( include details about financial irregularities and fraud at Satyam. What do you think were the reasons for the fraud? Could this fraud have been prevented? 1, Low profit margin (3%) and increasing competitionoverstate profits to maintain the share price level which can make sure Satyam was not subjected to a hostile takeover. 2, raju could first think that a minor adjustment could be in the general interest of everyone concerned (cover up bad performance and become unmanagemeable with company expands) 3,Experts refuse to believe that the operating profit of Satyam could be as low as 3%. This leads to speculation that some of the money could have been siphoned off. 2. Critically evaluate the corporate governance mechanisms adopted at Satyam. Did they help to prevent fraud? First - internal audit (team headed by CFO ( financial gap in actual and stated profits was known to senior officials including the chief operating officer and the CFO Second- external audit (Pwc) - higher audit fee twice as peers exists bride to hide accounting irregulations( improper verification of cash and bank balances) Third the board has the audit committee headed by an independent board member 3. What lessons are learned from the Satyam case? 1. Investigate All Inaccuracies The fraud scheme at Satyam started small. Sound familiar? A lot of fraud schemes start out small, with the perpetrator thinking that small changes here and there won't make a big difference - and are less likely to be detected. This sends a message to a lot of companies: if your accounts aren't balancing or if something seems inaccurate, even just a tiny bit, it's worth investigating. Break down tasks so that there are checks in each area. Dividing responsibilities across a team of people makes it easier to detect irregularities or misappropriated funds. 2. Ruined Reputations Fraud doesn't just look bad on a company, it looks bad on the whole industry. According to a Reuters article, Accounting Scandal at Satyam Could be India's Enron : "India's biggest corporate scandal in memory threatens future foreign investment flows into Asia's third-largest economy and casts a cloud over growth in its once-booming outsourcing sector. The news sent Indian equity markets into a tailspin, with Bombay's main benchmark index tumbling 7.3% and the Indian rupee fell." The Satyam scandal subjected even the company's Indian rivals to greater scrutiny by regulators, investors and the public. 3. Corporate Governance Needs to be Stronger The Satyam case is just another example supporting the need for stronger corporate governance. Companies mustbe carefulwhen selecting executives and top level managers. These are the people who set the tone for the company - if there's corruption at the top, it's bound to trickle down. Separate the role of CEO and Chairman of the Board. When the same person takes on both roles, who's left to check up on the CEO? Splitting up the roles helps avoid situations like the one at Satyam. Auditing firms, likePricewaterhouse Coopersalso need to be brought under the regulatory umbrella. Without monitoring, it will be difficult to tell if the auditor and the company are working together to tamper with the accounts.

Mutual Intelligibility Definition and Examples

Mutual Intelligibility Definition and Examples Mutual Intelligibility is a situation in which two or more speakers of a language (or of closely related languages) can understand each other. Mutual intelligibility is a continuum (that is, a gradient concept), marked by degrees of intelligibility, not by sharp divisions. Example and Observations [W]hat allows us to refer to something called English as if it were a single, monolithic language? A standard answer to this question rests on the notion of mutual intelligibility. That is, even though native speakers of English vary in their use of the language, their various languages are similar enough in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar to permit mutual intelligibility. . . . Hence, speaking the same language does not depend on two speakers speaking identical languages, but only very similar languages.(Adrian Akmajian, Richard Demers, Ann Farmer, and Robert Harnish, Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication. MIT Press, 2001) The Mutual Intelligibility Test [The] distinction between language and dialect is based on the notion [of] mutual intelligibility: Dialects of the same language should be mutually intelligible, while different languages are not. This mutual intelligibility, in turn, would then be a reflection of the similarities between different varieties of speech.Unfortunately, the mutual-intelligibility test does not always lead to clear-cut results. Thus Scots English may at first be quite unintelligible to speakers of the various varieties of Standard American English, and vice versa. True, given enough time (and goodwill), mutual intelligibility can be achieved without too much effort. But given an even greater amount of time (and goodwill), and a greater effort, also French might become (mutually) intelligible for the same speakers of English. In addition, there are cases like Norwegian and Swedish which, because they have different standard varieties and literary traditions, would be called different languages by most people, including linguists, even though the two standard languages are mutually quite intelligible. Here, cultural and sociolinguistic considerations tend to overrule the mutual intelligibility test.(Hans Henrich Hoch, Principles of Histoprical Linguistics, 2nd ed. Mouton de Gruyter, 1991) One-Way Intelligibility [A]nother problem regarding the use of mutual intelligibility as a criterion [for defining a language is] that it need not be reciprocal, since A and B need not have the same degree of motivation for understanding each other, nor need they have the same amount of previous experience of each others varieties. Typically, it is easier for non-standard speakers to understand standard speakers than the other way round, partly because the former will have had more experience of the standard variety (notably through the media) than vice versa, and partly because they may be motivated to minimise the cultural differences between themselves and the standard speakers (though this is by no means necessarily so), while standard speakers may want to emphasize some differences.(Richard A. Hudson, Sociolinguistics, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2001) Theres a fat man who comes in here with pills sometimes and I cant understand a word he says. I told him Ive got no problem with wherever he comes from but I have to be able to understand him. He understands what Im saying and he talks louder. I dont hear well, but it doesnt help anything for him to say whatever it is hes saying in a louder voice.​(Glen Pourciau, Gone. Invite. University of Iowa Press, 2008) Bidialectalism and Mutual Intelligibility in The Color Purple Darlie trying to teach me how to talk. . . . Every time I say something the way I say it, she correct me until I say it some other way. Pretty soon it feel like I cant think. My mind run up on a thought, git confuse, run back and sort of lay down. . . . Look like to me only a fool would want you to talk in a way that feel peculiar to your mind.(Celie in The Color Purple by Alice Walker, 1982.) Also Known As: interintelligibility

Self reflection 03094 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Self reflection 03094 - Essay Example and models and developed my understanding on how organization can cope up with the problems related to organizational culture and consequently establish harmony in the organizational context efficiently (Cameron and Quinn, 2011). In this reflective essay, I will discuss the critical opinion of researchers regarding organizational culture and its different perspective such as organizational changes, organizational learning and merger- acquisition. Organizational change is the process through which an organization introduces structural changes i.e. changes in its business strategies, technological involvement, operational methods and other attributes of organizational culture. My research has also shown that any organization, operating in the global multinational circumference, organizational change is inevitable for confirming its existence in the ever- changing business world and ensuring smooth running of its operations (Markovic, 2012). I have studied organizational change in the research of Battilana and Casciaro (2012) as a continuous process which is important for any organization to review the internal and external business environment over a distinct period of time and understand whether any changes are required to bring in the organization. My research on the theories introduced by Cameron and Green (2012) has revealed that various internal and external factors existing in the environment in which the business entity is operating, forces its management to bring changes in the organizational process. If I consider the external variables, changes in economic and political regulations such as increase in exchange rate or changes in trade regulations over time highly influences the business to change its short and long term decisions in order to safeguard the organization from realizing huge loss. Technological advancement also influences an organization to bring in changes so that the method of production becomes swifter and economic. In some cases, I

Out of town Brown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Out of town Brown - Essay Example Furthermore, she should explain to the reporter that when the Chief Probation Officer designated her as officer-in-charge, he did not give her authority to discuss the officers recommendations on any case under their watch. In the event where the reporter press Joan to make comments on the probably sentence of the offender, Joan should refrain from making any comments on this matter and ask the reporter to just wait for the official proclamation of the sentence of the offender on the scheduled date. Joan should never attempt to discuss her officers recommendations regarding the sentence of the "kiddie killer" until such time when such sentence has already been made final. Making any premature comments at this point will only raise speculations from the media and may put the Collier County Probation Department in a bad light. In the event where Joan elects to discuss the sentence of the "kiddie killer" with the reporter, she should make it clear to the reporter the reasons behind the sentence. First, she should be able to explain to the reporter that the present mental condition of the boy. Second, she should be able to make the reporter understand that the boy committed the crime after he was subjected to abuse by the victim for several years. Joan should make the reporter understand that the crime committed by the offender is not just one of those random acts of violence but rather it is a result of long years of mental and physical abuse. Third, Joan should make it clear to the reporter that based on expert evaluation; the boy is a low risk for recidivism which makes him relatively harmless to the people around him. Since he is as much a victim of the offense as was his stepfather, he should be given due considerations. A community-based sentence which will allow the boy to slowly reintegrate into soc iety and live a normal life is the most humane way to deal with

Development of Stratford Because of the Olympics Essay Example for Free

Development of Stratford Because of the Olympics Essay The 2012 Olympics were held in Stratford in the East of London, many of the events took place here. The Olympic park covered an area of 500 acres which features the new built Olympic stadium, the London aquatics centre, the basketball arena, the London velopark and the riverbank arena. Boxing, fencing, judo, table tennis etc. was in the river zone which is located both sides of the River Thames in the Thames gateway area. The central zone which includes venues such as the Wembley stadium (where the finals of football competitions took place) also the Wembley Arena (Badminton) and Wimbledon (Tennis), covered most of central and West London. Stratford was chosen because the London bid team persuaded the 10c that this part of East London was in need of regeneration. Stratford was also chosen because the bid also proved that the area had potential, Javelin trains would take only 7 minutes from London and also the rivers in the area could make the Olympic park look beautiful. Also alongside the old network of river and canals there was plenty of room for new development. This has been one of the most compact Olympic parks – only about 2  ½ square kilometres. Economic: Development will transform rundown rail lands into major shopping and business location. 120 shops and cafes. Environmental: Olympic village will be converted into permanent homes.  The development will attract homes, businesses and visitors because it will look improved and welcoming. Wide variety of open space.  Visionary urban design, architecture and transport projects. The Stratford area will be transformed from a derelict filthy city into a clean, modern city. The regeneration of Stratford will help it be noticed and it will be transformed into a totally new place. The place and people will be noticed in a different and better way. Stratford has been improved in a great way because in the long term massive, new sporting facilities have been built which will attract people as it is a legacy of the games. Also in the long term, old houses have been knocked down and re-built making Stratford look more modern and looked after. Another reason as to why Stratford has been improved is because of more jobs that have been created which will attract more people to the area and make it well known. Another benefit and improvement is that the Olympic park ‘largest Urban Park in Europe for 50 years’ will create a better image for London and East End. Increased participation in sport for young people has been increased making East London and London look like a great healthy place possibly persuading adults to live in London with their children so their children have a healthier and more active life. One of the improvements I have mentioned (old houses being knocked down and new ones being built) has been classed as a social issue because of complaints saying it will change the socio economic structure and the geography of Stratford. Some residents have been offended negatively from the development of Stratford as almost  £9.3 billion has been spent on the games with three quarters of it earmarked for regeneration and they say it is hard to see where the money has gone. This suggests to us that their area has been left and not improved leaving it as it is was and many other areas have been left as they are too. A positive impact on the residents is that their area is going to become well known because of the Olympics and also many more new modern homes and jobs are being created and becoming available. More positive reasons that have affected the residents are that they have reduced untidiness by removing any unnecessary railings, posts, bins and benches. Also they have improved the quality of open spaces and they have planted trees in groups along the road and introduce greenery too make the traffic seem less dominating.

integrated marketing and the many factors Essay -- essays research pap

â€Å"Integrated marketing communication simply recognises the need to plan and build up all relevant marketing communications so that they work together in harmony to the greatest effect with greatest efficiency† (Pickton and Broderick, 2001: 47) Linton and Morley â€Å"list ten potential benefits of integrated marketing communications† (Linton and Morley 1995: 124) †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Creative Integrity †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Consistent Messages †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unbiased Marketing Recommendations †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Better Use of Media †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Greater Marketing Precision †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Operational Efficiency †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cost Savings †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  High-calibre consistent service †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Easier working relations †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Greater agency accountability In brief the value of IMC is that it will help an organization †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Assess the market and set their objectives †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hone communication messages and target key stakeholders †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leverage resources †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Build internal databases and marketing resources †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tie together the tone and style of all corporate communications, collateral and advertising It is without question the main reason for using any combination of the core marketing activities is ...

Identify Factors That Help Your Company to Survive and Prosper

Well-structured business ensures that the business processes flow smoothly, and any problem that they face which hindrances their process can be solved immediately. Commonwealth Bank restructured the organization in 2001, and according to their strategic plan they will restructure in the future, to make sure the business to advance with the times. * Explanation and information As commonwealth Bank enters the global market the explanation for their services is vital. This is not only because of different cultures and languages in foreign markets, but also for the expanding in those markets through thorough explanation and providing information which includes the offer itself, price, conditions, rewards, benefits, etc. * Diversification and innovation During the 1970s, the Commonwealth bank diversified its business into areas like insurance and travel. After 1974, the bank also became more heavily involved in foreign currency trading and international banking in general. Commonwealth Bank created the first credit card in Australia in 1974 when it established Bankcard. In later years the bank began offering MasterCard (1984) and Visa (1993) cards as well. It is very for a firm in a service industry to be heavily innovative in order to survive in this fast growing demanding world. * Leadership, strategy and competitive advantage Commonwealth bank has a team of experienced people in its management which helps in organizing the workforce strategically. It also organizes leadership and talent based programs which allow the employees to learn the correct work attitude which they should adopt at work. Apart from this, it has also opened centers for the development of the advisors. CBA has a number of products and services which stand out from other banks. This is why at present products and services which Commonwealth has to offer have won numerous awards. On the other hand, it holds the number one position in the retail management fund of Australia and life insurance. * Maximize product satisfaction for customers CBA always makes a priority to provide products that satisfy their customers. Take credit card as an example, CBA has introduced a credit card for students with little or absolutely no income at all. By applying online for this credit cards the customers (students) get $50 cash bank into the account after activation. This can increase satisfaction level for customers and in turn make them loyal. (Commonwealth Bank, 2011). * Ethics In terms of the ethical and legal responsibilities, Commonwealth Bank has shown a firm commitment in maintaining an ethical workplace. The policy anticipates from the employees that they can easily raise their voice against the fraud and faulty conduct and bad administration done by others. The bank gives due attention to the implementation of these policies. These standards are communicated to the staff and employees from time to time. Apart from this, on the official website for Commonwealth Bank, there is a special link that lists the codes of conduct, which ensure the organization provides customers with a professional level of services.

Factors Influencing Working Capital Essay

The working capital needs of a firm are determined and influenced by various factors. A wide variety of considerations may affect the quantum of working capital required and these considerations may vary from time to time. The working capital needed at one point of time may not be good enough for some other situation. The determination of working capital requirement is a continuous process and must be undertaken on a regular basis in the light of the changing situations. Following are some of the factors which are relevant in determining the working capital needs of the firm: 1. Basic Nature of Business: The working capital requirement is closely related to the nature of the business of the firm. In case of a retail shop or a trading firm, the amount of working capital required is small enough. Most of the transactions are undertaken in cash and the length of the operating cycle is generally small. The trading concerns usually have smaller needs of working capital, however, in certain cases, large inventories of goods may be required and consequently the working capital may be large. In case of financial concerns (engaged in financial business) there may not be stock of goods but these firms do have to maintain sufficient liquidity all the times. In case of manufacturing concerns, different types of production processes are performed. One unit of raw material introduced in the production schedule may take a long period before it is available as finished goods for sale. Funds are blocked not only in raw materials but also in labor expenses and overheads at every stage of production. The operating cycle is usually a longer one and sales are made generally on credit terms. So, in case of manufacturing concerns, there is a requirement of substantial working capital. 2. Business Cycle Fluctuations: Different phases of business cycle i.e., boom, recession, recovery etc. also affect the working capital requirement. In case of boom conditions, inflationary pressure appears and business activities expand. As a result, the overall need for cash, inventories etc. increases resulting in more and more funds blocked in these current assets. Â  In case of recession period however, there is usually a dullness in business activities and there will be an opposite effect on the level of working capital requirement. There will be a fall in inventories and cash requirement etc. 3. Seasonal Operations: If a firm is operating in goods and services having seasonal fluctuations in demand, then the working capital requirement will also fluctuate with every change. In a cold drink factory, the demand will certainly be higher during summer season and therefore, more working capital is required to maintain higher production, in the form of larger inventories and bigger receivables. On the other hand, if the operations are smooth and even through out the year then the working capital requirement will be constant and will not be affected by the seasonal factors. 4. Market Competitiveness: The market competitiveness has an important bearing on the working capital needs of a firm. In view of the competitive conditions prevailing in the market, the firm may have to offer liberal credit terms to the customers resulting in higher debtors. Even larger inventories may be maintained to serve an order as and when received; otherwise the customer may go to some other supplier. Thus, the working capital tends to be high as a result of greater investment in inventories and receivable. On the other hand, a monopolistic firm may not require larger working capital. It may ask the customers to pay in advance or to wait for some time after placing the order. 5. Credit Policy: The credit policy means the totality of terms and conditions on which goods are sold and purchased. A firm has to interact with two types of credit policies at a time. One, the credit policy of the supplier of raw materials, goods etc., and two, the credit policy relating to credit which it extends to its customers. In both the cases, however, the firm while deciding its credit policy, has to take care of the credit policy of the market. For example, a firm might be purchasing goods and services on credit terms but selling goods only for cash. The working capital requirement of this firm will be lower than that of a firm which is purchasing cash but has to sell on credit basis. 6. Supply Conditions: The time taken by a supplier of raw materials, goods etc. after placing an order, also determines the working capital requirement. If goods are received as soon as or in a short period after placing an order, then the purchaser will not like to maintain a high level of inventory of that good. Otherwise, larger inventories should be kept e.g., in case of imported goods. It is often seen that the shopkeepers may not be keeping stock of all items, but whenever there is a demand, they procure from the wholesaler/producer and supply it to their customers. Thus, the working capital requirement of a firm is determined by a host of factors. Every consideration is to be weighted relatively to determine the working capital requirement. Further, the determination of working capital requirement is not once a while exercise, rather a continuous review must be made in order to assess the working capital requirement in the changing situation. There are various reasons which may require the review of the working capital requirement e.g., change in credit policy, change in sales volume etc.

Pluto and its features. How it was discovered, its measurements compared to Earth, its surface, and its atmosphere

Pluto and its features. How it was discovered, its measurements compared to Earth, its surface, and its atmosphere Pluto....A Controversial Planet!Pluto is a very controversial planet. The reason for this is because it's a dark and distant planet and it's hard to study it clearly enough to be satisfied. Pluto was discovered in 1930 by an astronomer by the name of Clyde Tombaugh. Then James Christy and Robert Harrington discovered Pluto had a satellite, they named it Charon. Pluto and Charon are referred to as double planets. Some of the facts, or measurements, that we know about Pluto are from discovery efforts such as new inventions and long studies. There was supposed to be a scheduled mission in 2001 called the "Pluto Express Mission," and was expected to arrive at Pluto around 2006-2008, but there's no source that could tell if that went ahead as planned or if it was cancelled.From these discovery efforts we learned some data on Pluto. Specifically the measurements compared to the earth.Charon's discovery as a time-varying bulge on the ...So, the distance of Pluto from the sun is 5,913,520 x 103 kilometers, and Earth's is 149,600 x 10 3 kilometers. This should give an idea of how far away Pluto is in comparison. Another comparison between Pluto and Earth would be the radius of Pluto compared to the radius of the Earth. Pluto's radius is 1160 and Pluto's moon, Charon, diameter is 1,172 kilometers (728 miles), just over half the size of Pluto. The Earth's radius is roughly 6378 kilometers, nearly 6 times the size of Pluto! Next, will be the density of each Pluto and the Earth in comparison. Pluto's density is 2.05 g/cm3 and the Earth's density is 5.52 g/cm3. This means Pluto may be smaller but it still has a lot of density to it. The Orbital Period of Pluto is a lot longer than the Earth's because of obvious reasons. Those would...

How to Calculate the Mean or Average

How to Calculate the Mean or Average Given a list of numbers, it is easy to determine the arithmetic mean,  or average. The average is simply the sum of the numbers in a given problem, divided by the number of numbers added together. For example, if four number are added together their sum is divided by four to find the average or arithmetic mean. Average or arithmetic mean is sometimes confused with two other concepts: mode and median. The mode is the most frequent value in a set of numbers, while the median is the number in the middle of the range of a given set.  Ã‚   Uses and Applications Its important to know how to calculate the mean or average of a set of numbers. Among other things, this will allow you to calculate your grade point average. However, youll need to calculate the mean for several other situations, too. The concept of an average allows statisticians, demographers, economists, biologists, and other researchers to better understand the most common situations. For example, by determining the average income of an American family and comparing it to the average cost of a home, its possible to better understand the magnitude of economic challenges facing most American families. Similarly, by looking at the average temperature in a particular area at a particular time of year, its possible to predict the probable weather and make a wide range of decisions appropriately. Issues and Pitfalls While averages can be very useful tools, they can also be misleading for a variety of reasons. In particular, averages can obscure the information contained in data sets. Here are a few examples of how averages can be misleading: Johns grades include a 4.5 in math, a 4.0 in science, a 2.0 in English and a 2.5 in History. After averaging his scores, his advisor decided that John is a straight B student. In fact, however, John is quite talented in math and science and needs remediation in English and history.Ten people were in a room. One woman in the room was pregnant. Based on the average, therefore, everyone in the room was .1% pregnant. This is, of course, a false and ridiculous finding! The Calculation In general, you calculate the mean or average of a set of numbers by adding them all up and dividing by how many numbers you have. This can be defined as follows: For a set of numbers, {x1, x2, x3, ... xj} the mean or average is the sum of all x divided by j. Worked Examples Lets start with an easy example. Calculate the mean of the following set of numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 To do this, add up the numbers and divide by how many numbers you have (5 of them, in this case). mean (1 2 3 4 5)/5 mean 15/5 mean 3 Heres another example of calculating the mean. Calculate the mean of the following set of numbers: 25, 28, 31, 35, 43, 48 How many numbers are there? 6. So, add together all of the numbers and divide the total by 6 in order to get the mean. mean (25 28 31 35 43 48)/6 mean 210/6 mean 35

WITHHOLDING INFORMATION CASE Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

WITHHOLDING INFORMATION CASE - Research Paper Example Negotiation process entails three primary ethical systems that provide the guidance for the parties participating; for instance, the ethics of purposes, ethics of principles or the ethics of the consequences. Ethics of purposes takes in principles in relation to the Aristotles views concerning the ethics. Aristotle argued that human beings are just naturally good and, as a result, will have no obligation to work with the objectivity of realizing the positive fruits at the end of the work session (Falvo, 2011). However, the same human beings must use the positive ways and means of getting to the conclusion of the matter before them. As result, such negotiations that tend to ignore the ethics presented in this view may not, in this case, reach the positive end of the matter. In the case of the ethics of principle, the principle presents its arguments in relation to the deontological ethics of Emmanuel Kant. Kant argued that human beings are always irrational and, as a result, will strive towards doing that particular activity that is right as the society expects that from them always. In addition, the human beings under this form of ethics will only adopt the use of the rational ways of doing activities and intern realizing what they intend to achieve their objective plans. Negotiators who go for the option of this principle apply the methodologies considered to be of rational and appropriate so as to find the solution to the problem (Cohn, 2007). The case of the ethics of the consequences takes care of the analysis of the possible outcomes of the present actions. As a result, this form of ethics finds it way of use among people in the evaluation of the actions from the positive outcomes of the most concerned parties in the negotiation process (Falvo, 2011). Consequential ethics, on the other hand, does not consider the importance of the means used to reach the goals.

Do Violent Video games encourage violent behavior Essay

Do Violent Video games encourage violent behavior - Essay Example However, what matters most is the thought that this can have significant impact on the child’s perspective about the reality. This has important impact on how the child will significantly understand the right from wrong set by the society. As stated earlier, those children exposed to violent games have the tendency to acquire violent behavior. This makes sense because in the first place, the bottom line impact of online violent games is said to be highly associated with children’s violent behavior. In order to understand this further, it is important to understand children’s behavior and his environment in detail. Children’s behavior and environmental influence Children’s behavior is susceptible to various influences in the environment. For instance, adult behaviors can be adapted by them. In fact, part of a children’s development of their behavior is highly influenced by the environment. In a family, parents are important persons in the live s of children because they tend to influence them. This is a clear illustration how an individual is being influenced by his immediate environment. However, children are not only influenced by their direct environment such as their family, they also acquire them from what they observed from their day to day interaction with other people, friends and media. This clearly emphasizes that there should be a significant impact on playing and watching violent video games among children. On the other hand, this belief was challenged at first due to methodological research issue concerning on the investigation of the association of children’s behavior and violent video games (Griffiths 203). This methodology includes observation of children’s free play. Eventually, the research method has significant limitations... Children’s behavior is susceptible to various influences in the environment. For instance, adult behaviors can be adapted by them. In fact, part of a children’s development of their behavior is highly influenced by the environment. In a family, parents are important persons in the lives of children because they tend to influence them. This is a clear illustration how an individual is being influenced by his immediate environment. However, children are not only influenced by their direct environment such as their family, they also acquire them from what they observed from their day to day interaction with other people, friends and media. This clearly emphasizes that there should be a significant impact on playing and watching violent video games among children. Â  On the other hand, this belief was challenged at first due to methodological research issue concerning on the investigation of the association of children’s behavior and violent video games (Griffiths 2 03). This methodology includes observation of children’s free play. Eventually, the research method has significant limitations or drawbacks that will eventually lead to a questionable result of the study. However, as research on the association of children’s behavior and violent video games increase over time, significant methodologies emerged to justify more reliable results (Konijn, Bijvank & Bushman 1038; Funk 387; Anderson et al. 151). These studies clearly emphasize a strong association of children’s environment and their behavior.

The Status Of Afro-Americans At The Turn Of The 20th Century Essay

The Status Of Afro-Americans At The Turn Of The 20th Century - Essay Example At the turn of the twentieth century, despite equal rights as citizens, the Afro-American community ( 95 % of which was in the Southern States), faced a sharp economic and political divide. (Kelley & Lewis 347). As the sharecropping community of African American farmers were gradually pushed out by white farmers, a phenomenon of urban migration began to the cities of the North – New York, Philadelphia and Chicago (the Great Migration 1916-17). A new trend began in American society, that of racial segregation into ghettos. (Kelley & Lewis 356). Meanwhile as lynchings in the South continued well into the first few decades, racial violence spread into the cities too with organizations like the Ku Klux Klan infiltrating the northern cities. The events and trends that signalled a change from the 1900's onwards was an increased impetus for community building for Afro-Americans : churches, businesses, schools, clubs and lodges (Kelley & Lewis 366). The Church in particular became an important part of Afro-American community life, and the focus for political activism and intellectual leadership that would proliferate over the coming decades. The other important phenomenon was the growth of the Afro-American women's club movement, as the ranks of the National Association of Colored women (NACW) grew to 100,000 by 1920 from only 5,000 in the late 1890's. (Kelley & Lewis 369).

Project management research approaches

Project management research approaches Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 1.1 Determine and validate appropriate areas for research 3 1.2 Determine a suitable research approach.. 3-4 1.3 Develop suitable research questions/ hypotheses for selected area of research 4-5 2.1 Develop a detailed research proposal for chosen..5-6 2.2 Apply relevant research methods for area and type of research.. 6-7 2.3 Analyse ethical issues relating to research.. 8-9 2.4 Analyse research findings and generate valid conclusions.. 9-11 3.1 Evaluate research methods, techniques 11-12 3.2 Present results and conclusions in a suitable format for audience. 12-13 Bibliography.13 Introduction Research is undertaken within most professions. It is a way of thinking, examining critically the various aspects of the professional work. It is the process of collecting analysizing and interpreting information to answer questioins. Determine and validate appropriate areas for research The first task in a research work is to collect data and information about the topic. The researcher uses the data collected in the survey to find solution , within the boundry of random mistake. Performance management can be defined as a process of taking systematic action to improve organizational, team and individual performance. Project management is the application of knowledge, skills and techniques to execute projects effectively and efficently. Project management process falls into five groups: Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring and Controlling Closing Every study has two aspects: Study population People Subject Area Problems Program Phenomenon Determine a suitable research approach Generally there are two ways of reasoning used for research: Deductive approach Inductive approach Deductive Approach Deductive approach takes into account, developing a hypothesis which takes into account an already existing theory and then formulating a research strategy to check the hypothesis. ( Wilson, 2010, p.7) Deductive means reasoning from the particular to the general. Deductive approach involves in developing a theory, which is subject to accurate test. This approach infers to generalisation. To make a generalisation through deductice approach, it is necessary to select samples of sufficent numerical size. (Collis and Hussey, 2003). Snieder and Larner (2009) informs that in deductive approach reasoning starts with a theory and leads to new hypothesis, that will be confirmed or rejected as a result of research’ Theory — Hypothesis Observation -Confirmation/Rejection Inductive Approach The research using inductive approach is concerned with human’s behaviour and the context in which certain events take place. This approach allows one to provide subjective reasoning with the help of various examples. It lays emphasises on meaningful understanding of human attachment to the event. This is related to development of human resources in the organization (Ritchie and Lewis 2003). Four approaches are Logical theoretical approach Quantitative approach experimental research Qualitative approach – observational research Participatory – action research. Develop suitable research questions/ hypotheses for selected area of research Research questions Generally interest in a specfic area starts the research process, but it is the familarity with the subject that helps to define an appropriate question for study. Knowledge of present trends and technological advances help in formulating research questions. All questions should be developed at the begnining and planning stage of study. Any additional question should never compromise on primary questions. The more the number of questions, more will be complexity of study and its analysis. Hulley and colleagues have suggested the use of FINER ( Feasible, Interesting, Novel, Ethical, Relevant) criteria in preparing qustions for research. Research Hypothesis The research question and hypothesis should be developed before start of study. The formation of hypothesis results a study with focus. It guides as to which data is to be collected and which not. The hypothesis is developed from main research question and thereafter elements of study – sampling strategy, intervention comparision and outcome variables – are summarizedin the form that prepares ground for testing, stastical and finally clinical sagnificance. The hypothesis should be stated at he begnining so as to guide the objective of study. Hypothesis bring clarity, specificity and focus to a research but are not compulsary for a study. A valid research can be conducted without constructing formal hypothesis. As there are so many ways to ask questions, the questionnaire should be flexible, tested carefully before using on a large scale. Questions should be kept simple and short. Avoid leading questions. Open ended questions allow for a larger variety of responses from participants but are difficult to anlyse statistically because data have to be coded or reduced in some manner. Close ended questions are easy to analyse statistically, but they limit the responses that participants can give. Combination of both beginning with a number of closed ended questions, it ends with a section of open ended questions for more detailed response. 2.1 Develop a detailed research proposal for chosen area of research Research Proposal Research is a systematic investigation to find answers to a problem. Both qualitative and quantitative methoods be used appropriately in the research. Research proposal reviewer will lookatthree primary criteria: Relevance of the research from both managerial and an academic perspective. Managerial: will the research bring added value to improve managerial practices? Academic: will your research bring new knowledge to your field? 2 Research feasibility Within specifiedperiod Data accessibilty Primary data collection 3 Proposal Quality Writing style Logical articulation of arguments Structure and organization Some skills that need to be developed in areas of research: Decision making Prioritizing Valuating To respond to problems, experiences and opportunities and to learn from them To generate ideas without limits of policy ir structure or feasibility Involving other people Communicating. 2.2 Apply relevant research methods for area and type of research There are two types of data Primary Data – collected for the first time. Secondary Data – which has already been collected and analysed by some one else. Primary data collection Observation Method It is collection of primary data by researcher’s own team under his observation, without asking from respondents. Observatons can give information which people are not willing or unable to provide.e.g. observing a large number of plates containing uneaten portions of same menu item indicates that food was not satisfactory. But because of certain limitations, research is generally supplemented with survey research. Survey method This approach is suited for collecting descriptive information. Structured Survey- uses formal list of questions for all the participnts of the survey. Unstructured Survey – in this process interviewer probes the participants and guide the participants according to their answers. Research can be direct or indirect. In direct approach researcher asks direct questions about behaviour and thoughts, e.g., why don’t you eat at this restaurant? But in indirect approach the question asked will be, what kind of people eat at this particular restaurant? Contact Methods Survey can be conducted by collecting information through mail, telephone, or postal interview. Mail questionnaires is used to collect large amount of information at low cost. As no interviewer is involved to bias the respondents answers. In this case response rate is lw and there is no control over who answers. Telephone interviewing is a quick method, allows greater sample control and response rate is higher than mail. Its cost is higher. Interviewer’s manner of talking maay effect answers. Personal interviewing is very flexible and can be used to collect large amounts of information. It may cost more than telephonic survey. It can be biased by the interviewer. Sample design The conclusions are genarally drawn by taking a group as a sample. A sample is a segment of popukation selected to represent as a whole. Secondary Data Collection Secondary data is others data, and is shared by other people as a view of their perception. Many researchers requires collection of primary data to support the secondary data. The secondary data is collected from existing sources e.g. official ststistics, annuak appraisals, journals, history and articles. Types of Research There are different types of research for different purposes Audience research Market research Production research 2.3 Analyse ethical issues relating to research The collection of data through any methos involve some ethical issues relating to both the researcher and the participants. Ethical issues concerning Participants Collecting Information: If one cannot justify relevance of the research, he is wasting his participants time ,which is unethical. Seeking Consent: In every field it is unethical to collect information without knowledge of participant and their expressed willingness and informed consent. Consent should be voluntary and without any kind of pressure. Providing incentives: Giving a present before data collection is unethical. Seeking Sensitive Information: Certain information is considered sensitive or confidential by some people. For most people questions on income, age, marital status, drug use, etc. are intrusive. It is not unethical to ask such questions, if we tell the participants type of information you are gong to collect clearly, and give him sufficient time to decide if he wants to participate. Possibility of causing harm to participants: Collection of data should not harm participants in any way. If the way information sought creates anxiety or harrashment, steps be taken to prevent it. Maintaining Confidentiality: Sharing information about a participant with others for purposes other than research is unethical. Information provided by participant be kept anonymous. It is unethical to identify an individual’s responses. Ethical issues relating to Researcher: Avoid Bias: Bias is an attempt to either hide orhighlight something disproportionate to its true position. Bias on the part of researcher is unethical. Provision or deprivation of treatment: Both provision and deprivation of a treatment/ intervation may pose ethical dilemma for a researcher. Ensuring informed consent, minimum risk and frank discussions as to the implications of participation in the study will help to resolve ethical ssues. Using appropriate research methodology: It is unethical to use a method or procsedure known as inappropriate e.g. selecting a highly biased sample, using an invalid instrument or drawing wrong conclusions. Incorrect reporting: To change report findings in a way to serve your own or someone else’s interest is unethical. Inappropriate use of the information: The use of information in a way that it dirctly or indiretly affects the participants is unethical. 2.4 Analyse research findings and generate valid conclusions When analysing data start from review of research goals, this will help organizing data and focus analysis. For example if one want to improve a programme by identifying its strengths and weaknessess, you can organize data into program strengths, weaknesses and suggestions to improve the program. Processing and analysing data is based on a number of closely related operations performed for summing up the data collected and arranging these in a manner that they answer the research questions. Data Processing operations are: Editing Classification Tabulation Basic analysis of quantitative information Make copies of data , and sore your master copy. Use copy for making edits,cuttings and pastings etc. Tabulate the information i.e. add up the number of ratings, rankings, yes’s, no’s for each question. For ratings and rankings consider computing a mean or average Cosider conveying range of answers e.g., 20 people ranked ‘1’, 30 ranked â€Å"2† etc. Basic analysis of qualitative information Read through all data. Organize comments into similar catogeries, suggestions,strengths, weaknesses, similar expriences, program inputs, recommendations, outputs, outcome indicators.etc. Label the categories in themes, e.g., concerns or suggestions, etc. Attempt to identify patterns or associations and casual relationship in themes. Keep all commentry for a long period after completion in case need arise for future reference. Qualitative research involves collectiuon, analysis and interpretation of data that can not be easily rsduced to numbers., as this data relate to social world and the concepts of the behaviors of people within it. It can be found in all social sciences and all applied fields that derive from them. The initial phase of data analysis is to examine the quality of data ( presence or absence of extreme observations), the quality of measurements and if the implementation of study was in line with research design. In main phase of analysis either an exploratory or confirmatory approach can be adopted. Both approaches have their place in reserch, both have their strengths and weaknesses. In some studies one has to combine both approaches. For example to find types of cuisine/accomodation available in a city and extent of their popularity in the city. Types of cuisine is a qualitative aspect of study and extent of popularity is a quanititative aspect as it is based on finding the number of people who visit restaurant. Quantitative data can be analysed by regression analysis, where relationship between dependent and independent variable is measured. It help one to find out how the value of dependant variable changes when one of the independent variable is varied, and other independent variables are held fixed. Qualitative data can involve coding, key concepts and variables are assigned a shorthand and data gathered is broken downinto those concepts of variables. Coding is the process of categorizing the qualitative data so that data becomes quantifiable and thus measureable. How data is coded depends on researchers, the same qualitative data can be coded in so many different ways giving attention to different aspects of the data. One such example is given in the figure below. Coding Without a valid design, valid scientific conclusions cannot be drawn. Internal validity concerns the degree to which conclusions about the casuality can be drawn. External validity concerns the extent to which results of the study are generalizeable. 3.1 Evaluate research methods, techniques and findings and comment on validity of research. Evaluation of the project is planned for right from the onsetand is going on as the different milestones are tackled. Type of evaluation that goes on during the project is referred as formative evaluation, because the project is being formed. The evalustion conducted at the end commonly referred as summative evaluation, because the project is being summed up. All research, no matter how well they are controlled, carries the potential to be wrong. Most After conducting research, analyzing it and evaluating the results is an important work. Statistics are manuplated everyday to change the conclusions drawn. Before accepting the results of a study one must evaluate the research techniques used, the study protocol and other factors to determine if the study’s claims are valid. There must be randomization of the sample groups and necessary care and intelligence shown in allocation of controls. Internal validity and trustworthness are at the core of any research design. External validity is the process of examining the results and questioning whether there are any possible casual relationship. Any scientific study only puts forward a possible cause for the studied effect. There are always chances of another unknown factors contributing to the results and findings. If the study was designed to contain validity and reliability then scientific community is more likely to accept the findings. The high degree of validity and reliability provides not only confidence in data collected but trust in successful application and use of results. The validity of a research settles down to whether the study is giving results what it was claiming to do. For example if someone is buying a research report from an organization claiming to calculate how people prefer marketer’s production than its competitors’ products, the marketer should know how the data was secured to help knoiw if the research really gives the information the way the research company wants it to do. Since most analysis are based on observational studies rather than on results of a controlled experiment, avoid drawing results concerning casuality. When studying changes over time, short term trends should not be focused without checking them in light of medium and long term trends. Where possible avoid arbitrary time reference points. 3.2 Present results and conclusions in a suitable format for audience Information on how the survey was done, as anyone may want to repeat it. This information is often included in the appenixes to the main report. It includes full questionnaire, detailed sample design, fieldwork procedures, interviewer’s instructions, data entry instructions and recommendations for futures study- as how to do better next time. This report should containall the details given below. Focus the article on important variables and topics. Arrange ideas in a logical order. Keep languge as simple as possible. Use graphs in additiuon to text and tables to communicate the message. When tables are used take care that overall format adds to clarity of data and prevents misrepresentation. Explain rounding practices and procedures. Satisfy confidentiality requirements of the source whose data isbeing analysed. Include information about data sources used and shorcomings in the data that may have affected the analysis. Include information about analytical method and tools ysed. Include information regarding quality of results. Ensure that all refercences are accurate. Check for errors in the article. Check accuracy of external data and simple arithmatics. Ensure that intentions stated in the introduction are fulfilled. Get the results reviewed by others for relevance, accuracy and comprehensibility. As a good practice consider presenting the results to peers prior to finalizing the text. Refer to available documents that could provide further guidance for improvement. Bibliography Stolley, Karl.Primary Research. Purdue Online Writing Lab. Retrieved 21 May 2013. Snieder, R Larner, K, 2009, The Art of Being a Scientist: A Guide for Graduate Students and their Mentors, Cambridge University Press http://www.ihmctan.edu/PDF/notes/Research_Methodology.pdf www.boundless.com/sociology/sociological-research/the-research-process/analyzing-data-and-growing-conclusions/ www.managementhelp.org/businessresearch/analysis.htm

Hamlets Destructive Humor Essay -- GCSE English Literature Coursework

Hamlet's Destructive Humor      Ã‚   Humor can be funny and uplifting or cynical and destructive. Hamlet's humor insults every one around him and it's very cynical and leads to his downfall. When Hamlet insults people around him, his remarks are not clearly understood by the people who he is insulting. Hamlet makes Polonius look like a fool when he criticizes him with his words, and Polonius doesn't know that he is being fooled. Hamlet even makes fun of the courtiers particularly Rosencrantz and Guildernstern. Although Hamlet doesn't stop there, he even insults Claudius and his own mother, Gertrude. Hamlet's love, Ophelia, is also an unfortunate victim of these remarks. All these insulting remarks show Hamlet's lack of sympathy for other people, and this confusion leads to his downfall.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Hamlet feigns madness, Polonius is the most unfortunate victim of Hamlet's insulting and humorous words. When Polonius asks Hamlet, "Do you know me my lord?" (2.2.173) Hamlet replies by saying, "Excellent well. You are a fishmonger." (2.2.174). Hamlet says that, Polonius is sacrificing his daughter's happiness to win the trust of the king. Hamlet says to Polonius, "For if the sun breed maggots in a dead dog, being a good kissing carrion-Have you a daughter?" (2.2.182-183). Hamlet says that it is not surprising that Polonius is such a hypocrite, because the life giving sun can produce all kinds of horrible things, especially from other horrible things. Polonius asks Hamlet, "Will you walk out of the air, my lord?"(2.2.204), and Hamlets says, "Into my grave" (2.2.204). When Polonius offers Hamlet to go to a warmer room, Hamlet says he'd rather die than go anywhere with Polonius. All these insulting remarks show that Polon... ...  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hamlet's humor is rude and insulting to people around him; it's very cynical and leads to his downfall. Hamlet proves his cynical humor when he fools Polonius, makes fun of the courtiers and insults Claudius, Gertrude and Ophelia. Hamlet insults Polonius with his words and always finds out what the courtiers were up to. All these experiences show that humor can be joyful but on the other hand it could prove to be very fatal.    Works Cited and Consulted: Bloom, Harold. Modern Critical Interpretations Of Hamlet. New York, NY: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Brodwin, Leonora. Hamlet Character Analysis. Monarch Notes. Brodwin's Notes Scott-Hopkins, Benjamin. "Dark Humor of Hamlet" Shakespeare-Online Shakespeare, William. "Hamlet." The Unabridged William Shakespeare. William George Clark and William Aldis Wright, ed. Running Press. 1989.

Role Of Formal Devices In Emily Dickinson’s Poems

Emily Dickinson is one of the greatest American poets of the the early 1900s. Her style and approach are unmistakable. During her lifetime she received little praise for her work and only a few of her poems were published. The bulk of Dickinson's poems offer obscure meanings, vivid language, and brevity. Her poems addressed the themes of love, death, and nature. However in â€Å"Much Madness is divinest Sense† and â€Å"Tell all the Truth but tell it slant† Dickinson confronts the isolation and aggressive social control which plagued her life and continues to influence the lives of aspiring artists and nonconformists today.Dickinson uses formal literary devices to demonstrate and convey to the reader her assertion that the expression of personal truth is not welcomed by society. The theme of â€Å"Much Madness is divinest Sense† is nonconformity. Dickinson believed that society was too rigid to acknowledge and accept anything that differed from the norm. Individu als who do not adhere to societal standards are treated like outcasts within society. To be considered â€Å"sane† by society, all one has to do is â€Å"assent† (6). Dickinson takes an ironic approach in which she believes that it is truly the â€Å"majority† which shows â€Å"the starkest madness† (3).The theme in â€Å"Tell all the Truth but tell it slant† exhibits the same overall theme. However, this poem offers a more personal approach to the subject. Dickinson was a prolific writer who was not just content to write about observing nature. Her poems show her deep reflection on the universal human experiences. Yet her work was often met with ridicule. It was within her writing that she learned she could tell the â€Å"bright† truth but only through â€Å"Cirrcuit lies†. She believed that society was inflexible and â€Å"infirmed† and simply unable to accept the truth about itself.That truth must be offered †gradually †or all people will be â€Å"blind† to it. Both poems show Dickinson's use of paradox. Paradox is when a statement seem contradictory but is actually true. In â€Å"Much madness is divinest Sense† the paradox is within the title. Madness in this poem actually refers to people who are telling the truth and that a godly quality. In â€Å"Tell all the Truth but tell it slant† the paradox exists in having to create lies to tell the truth. The themes in these poems both address the issues of nonconformity in general and more specific terms.The use of rhyme and meter in â€Å"Much Madness is divinest Sense† and â€Å"Tell the Truth but tell it slant† are used to parallel the nonconformist content of each poem. In â€Å"Much Madness is divinest Sense† Dickinson uses traditional iambic tetrameter and switches over to anapests. Anapests are created with each metrical foot consists of three syllables, the first two short or unaccented and the la st one is long and accented. An example of anapest occurs lines 4-6 of â€Å"Much Madness is divinest Sense†. Dickinson writes â€Å"’T is the majority In this, as all, prevails / Assent, and you are sane†.The rhyme scheme in each could be consider slant rhyme. Traditional poetry keeps the rhyme at the end of each line. However, slant rhyme is disjointed and the rhyme is often forced. â€Å"Sense,†Ã¢â‚¬ Madness,† and â€Å"dangerous† all rhyme however, dangerous does not have the same emphasis or syllable count. The same is observed in â€Å"Tell all the Truth but tell it slant†. In this poem the rhyme is imperfect and altered. It is through the expectation that the end of lines will rhyme that displays Dickinson assertion that only through unorthodox means can she. and perhaps all artists, tell the truth.â€Å"Lies† and â€Å"surprise† as well as â€Å"kind† and â€Å"blind† rhyme. However, lies and surpri se have a different number of syllables. The odd rhyme and meter utilized by Dickinson contribute to her theme of nonconformity by interrupting the smooth flow of each poem. While each piece of poetry seems like free verse, it takes a couple of attempts to understand how the poem is actually supposed to sound. Dickinson expertly uses rhyme, meter, and paradox to support her belief that individuals who openly share subversive views on society are often isolated and treated cruelly by that society.These individuals are paradoxes. Society, blind to the truth they speak, would rather call them mad then deal with their own reflections. Dickinson wit as author, which is often overlooked, is clearly demonstrated in this poems. In â€Å"Much Madness is the divinest Sense† and â€Å"Tell the Truth but tell it slant† Dickinson exhibits her her ability to be an interpretor of the human experience. She easily relates the pressure of social conformity through intentional and specif ic word choice while still maintaining the brevity she is known for.